Philosophical Fallacies: Appeal to Ignorance and Begging the Question

Appeal to ignorance also called the burden of proof

  • You haven’t proven/don’t know X to be the case. The burden of proof is on you. Therefore X isn’t the case

Examples of appeal to ignorance

  • If you can’t prove it then you’re wrong
  • Science hasn’t proven God exists, therefore, God doesn’t exist
  • You can’t prove that you’re not cheating on me. You won’t let me go through your phone. Therefore you must be hiding something.

Begging the question/circular argument

  • The basic structure is, premise⟶premise
  • There is no conclusion
  • Repeating a premise
  • Lots of verbiages
  •  Circular argument

Examples of circular arguments

  • I should wear makeup often because cosmetics and beauty products make me look pretty
  • What came first, the chicken or the egg?

Appeal to Popularity, a Common Fallacy

The appeal to popularity is commonly practiced fallacy. It’s formally called argumentum ad populum, Latin for “argument to the people,” and it assumes that a statement must be true because the vast majority of people believe it. Millions of people can’t be wrong, can they?

Let’s take a look at examples of the ad populum fallacy. Continue reading Appeal to Popularity, a Common Fallacy

Module 4, Week 2: Critical Thinking

Today’s notes for week two. The focus for this week is on critical thinking.

Issues, claims, and arguments – what are the differences?

  • Be able to distinguish issues, claims, and arguments
  • It’s a common mistake to blur the three together to manipulate arguments
  • Claim
    -a statement that asserts something to be the case or not the case.
    -opinions are claims
  • Not claims
    -questions
    -exclamations, i.e. Ouch! or Hey!
    -commands
  • Issue
    -i.e. whether or not tuition increase is necessary
    -questions that involve “whether or not” scenarios
  • Argument
    -claims you’re trying to get others to accept

Week 1 Notes: Why Philosophy Matters to Everyday People

I’ll be posting a series of my notes so you can get an idea of what I’m studying in Praxis. Module 4, which is month four of Praxis focuses on consuming content and critical thinking, rather than creating something every day. Continue reading Week 1 Notes: Why Philosophy Matters to Everyday People

New Month of Praxis, Philosophy and Critical Thinking

It’s a new month which means a new Praxis challenge! Throughout this month I’ll be consuming more information instead of shipping content every day.

This month’s challenge I’m learning about critical thinking and philosophy and why it matters to successful entrepreneurs.

Critical thinking is essential for problem-solving, which drives entrepreneurs to think outside the box. This is where philosophy steps in especially when morality and customer care is concerned.

At the end of this month, my goals are to become even more logical, debate effectively, and ask better questions.

Additionally, I’ll continue to track my progress in Praxis by posting all my notes for this philosophy and critical thinking module.

A Review of My 30 Day Blogging Challenge

Photo by Pablo Heimplatz on Unsplash

Yesterday I concluded my 30-day blogging challenge for Praxis and I couldn’t believe how much my writing improved. A year ago I did the same blogging challenge but I didn’t have any guidance from Dan Sanchez, FEE’s editor-in-chief or my Praxis classmates. You can read my old blog here and see the difference. Continue reading A Review of My 30 Day Blogging Challenge